Research · bio-driven Catalysis
Biohybrids
Why not recruit complex living microorganisms for in vivo fuel and chemical production powered by sunlight?
Living cells
Microbial catalysis
Solar chemicals
Our approach
Biology meets materials
Semi-biological photosynthesis combines synthetic light absorbers with live cells to allow for the stable production of complex chemicals. Microbes have metabolic pathways, either natural or engineered, that can be exploited for the synthesis of fuels, platform and fine chemicals or pharmaceuticals. We are interested in interfacing such microbes with custom-made high surface area photoelectrodes or semiconductor particles to study their fundamental biology and drive interesting endergonic reactions. We thereby examine and optimise the material-microbe interface using a range of techniques to ultimately use and manipulate the metabolic pathways of microbes for the solar-driven production of chemicals.
Selected work
Recent publications
A selection of studies on living photocatalysts, microbe–material interfaces and solar-driven chemical synthesis.

Toward Solar-Powered Growth of Autotrophic Escherichia coli Using Photoelectrochemistry
Su, L.; Yeung, C. W. S.; Milshtein, E.; Low, B. Q. L.; Liu, Y.; Milo, R.; Reisner, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2026, 148, 21198–21203.

Designing Microbe–Semiconductor Interfaces for Semibiological Photosynthesis
Song, W.; Quek, G.; Short, M. I. M.; Li, W.; Reisner, E.; Liu, B. Chem. Rev., 2026, 126, 4656–4705.

Organic Semiconducting Hydrogel with Integrated Microbes and Enzymes for Selective Solar CO2 Conversion
Quek, G.; Low, B. Q. L.; Anderlini, S.; Chua, X. W.; Short, M. I. M.; Kim, D.; Stranks, S. D.; Reisner, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2026, 148, 16019–16031.

Adapting gas fermenting bacteria for light-driven domino valorization of CO2
Su, L.; Rodríguez-Jiménez, S.; Short, M. I. M.; Reisner, E. Chem. Sci., 2025, 16, 11801-11808.

Solar-Driven Methanogenesis through Microbial Ecosystem Engineering on Carbon Nitride
Kalathil, S.; Rahaman, M.; Lam, E.; Augustin, T. L.; Greer, H. F.; Reisner, E. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2024, 63, e202409192.

Bacteria–photocatalyst sheet for sustainable carbon dioxide utilization
Wang, Q.; Kalathil, S.; Pornrungroj, C.; Sahm, C. D.; Reisner, E. Nat. Catal., 2022, 5, 633-641.